Vibro vulnificus

BrentB

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Dangerous bacteria: Vibro Vulnificus in Florida ocean hospitalizes 13, kills 3


UPDATE - ABC Action News has confirmed that there was a death in Sarasota County from the vibrio vulnificus bacteria. The Sarasota Health Department apologized for not reporting it sooner.

New warnings issued Monday surrounding a bacteria found in the ocean that has already killed several people in Florida.

It is called Vibrio vulnificus, a cousin of the bacterium that causes Cholera and it thrives in warm saltwater. "Since it is naturally found in warm marine waters, people with open wounds can be exposed to Vibrio vulnificus through direct contact with seawater," the Florida Department of Health said in a statement.

The Florida Department of Health reports 13 people have contracted the bacteria and 3 have died from the strain. Last year, 41 people were infected and 11 died. Florida isn't the only state to report Vibrio vulnificus infections. Alabama, Louisiana, Texas and Mississippi have also recorded cases.

"It's quite discouraging because the beach is one of the more popular hobbies in Florida," said Tracy Brown of West Palm Beach.

Brown, who was enjoying a day at the beach with her daughter, had not really heard about the Vibrio bacterium.

She was stunned to hear someone could become sick by simply entering the water.

"The last thing you want to think about is going to the beach and leaving with something you least expect," said Brown.

Florida Department of Health experts said anyone with a compromised immune system or anyone with an open cut should not go into the water. Those who do jump into the ocean should wash off before heading home .

"It's definitely something to take serious, but there are a number of other bacteria, that you could run into," said Tim O'Connor, a spokesperson for the Florida Department of Health.

O'Connor said the state is closely monitoring the Vibrio bacteria. So far, he said the situation is not severe.

No cases have yet to be reported in Palm Beach County.

"It's definitely something we need to be more wary of especially if it's going to affect us sooner than later, it needs to be known," said Brown.

The deadly bacteria can also be contracted from consuming raw seafood like oysters.

Steve Gyland, owner of Cod and Cappers Fish Market, is all too familiar with the impact the Vibrio bacteria can have on someone, he survived it.

"It was like you were on fire. Like a burn-blister from a fire. It was weeks before I could walk on that leg," said Gyland.

On a scuba diving trip to the Bahamas, Gyland came into contact with the bacteria through a blister on his left foot.

Had he waited, Gyland believes it could have been worse.

"You could just watch the red, blistery skin just grow and expand and move up your leg," said Gyland.

But Gyland also sells an item at his market that the state health department warns is a leading cause of contracting the Vibrio bacteria, raw oysters.

"If we eat raw foods, there's always a risk, absolutely there's a risk," said Gyland.

Gyland said he posts warning all over his store and suggests people who are worried should buy oysters from cooler climates to the north.

The state health department said it is monitoring the situation and is telling consumers to cook their oysters before eating the shellfish.

Copyright 2014 Scripps Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

http://www.abcactionnews.com/news/state ... 2-kills-10
 
The water isn't warm yet, it's only 83 degrees.
Nasty germ. I've discouraged eating raw oysters since 1982. Before then, I ate my weight in them every year til I saw my first case (then un-recognized). Now only a few at Marc's Gathering.
It makes a lot of sense to not go in warm seawater with any break in intact skin. I've often ignored my own advice and never had an issue. There are likely poorly understood factors involved as well. We're all covered in MRSA staph, but only a few get boils with a skin break (some over and over, others never, same for C. Diff in hospitals and scalded skin syndrome in tampon users and folks who took any medication). 95% of the practice of medicine today involves 'poorly understood factors'. It's amazing to me how there's no mystery among 150hp 4 stroke outboard designers about how changing parameter A will affect parameter G through Z. Next year we retire, and high on my list of goals is to better understand my engines. I know I'll never understand medicine to the extent I thought (or hoped) I would after 35 years.
Stay healthy, minimize alcohol, get to ideal weight, get 60 min of aerobic exercise 6 days a week, weight training 3 days a week up to age 105, and if you have a lot of hereditary risks consider changing your ancestors.
Happy Boating!
John
 
Thanks for the reminder, Brent.

In Florida you can go to where beaches are tested regularly. There is both a map and list of the counties.

I have to take exception to one statement:

Gyland said he posts warning all over his store and suggests people who are worried should buy oysters from cooler climates to the north.

Vibro vulnificus bacteria is found in the Chesapeake Bay, and presents just as great a risk there when present, to both swimmers and oyster eaters.

The only oysters I eat come from Apalachacola Bay (home of Wefing's). That bay has been hit hard by various factors which has decreased its oyster output to low levels, and has become an economic hardship. 90% of oysters consumed in Florida along the Gulf Coast to New Orleans came from Apalachicola Bay. The oyster beds there are checked weekly for bacterial contamination.

If you want some education on
Oysters click here.
 
Bob , actually between the Dept of Agriculture and University of Florida they check the bacteria in the water once or twice a day !
Healthy people are not a much risk at all eating raw oysters. Its the folks with existing health issues that make the news .
Marc
 
Man, I grew up in the ocean. I don't remember ever getting infected. We'd get the occasional cut from the reef and if cleaned promptly, they'd clear up w/ no issues. In fact, we would say the ocean (salt water) was good for open wounds. Times have changed, I guess.
 
I am not an expert but m2cw from CDC

About a dozen Vibrio species can cause human illness, known as vibriosis. The most common species causing human illness in the United States are Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio alginolyticus.

Most people become infected by eating raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters.

About 80% of infections occur between May and October in the US when water temperatures are warmer, and 20% occur between November and April


I find this alarming
V. vulnificus wound infections have a mortality rate around 25%. !!!! In patients in whom the infection worsens into septicemia, typically following ingestion, the mortality rate rises to 50%. !!!
 
First clean water is key to preventing infections from the Vibrio organisms. They can all be transferred via a path which entails, ill persons fecal discharge into waters, where the sewage is not treated. They may also be transmitted by poor hand washing techniques. Sources can be poorly treated municipal sewage, vessel sewage discharge, Some animals may be a carrier of the bacteria, as are many of the fish species and other marine organisms. Also some zooplankton can carry the Vibrio's for a long time--so water which was previously infected, which has a high plankton population, may have a dormant form present.

Temperature--if the water is below 59 degrees (F), they don't survive well. But there was an outbreak from Alaskan Oysters about 15 years ago on cruise liners, from local oysters. As waters have warmed, there has been more disease toward the polar regions.

Treatment: Rapid treatment, once the disease is recognized is essential. The bacteria can spread rapidly, and if sepsis is involved, vascular collapse can occur fairly early in the course of the disease. There are multiple resistances to antibiotics amoung the Vibrio species. It is essential that cultures of a wound, stool, or blood be taken immediately upon suspicion of a Vibrio infection. Thus sensitivities to antibiotics can be established early in treatment. If you suspect a Vibrio inflection, have consultation with a center which has expertise with these types of infection. Often a hospital may not have ever seen these diseases.

Prevention--be sure waters are clean. Risk is higher in 3rd world countries. Eat shellfish only from waters which are regularly tested, Don't go in the water with open wounds or lacerations, If cut, clean well immediately. This is one place when I do use Betadine on a wound, because of the chance of contamination, outweighing any delay in healing due to the iodine compound. (of course be sure the patient does not have sensitivity to iodine.)

In diarrhea--don't assume that it is "travelers" diarrhea, especially if the diarrhea is bloody. Some other organisms can cause similar appearing infecetions--but be safe and get stool cultures.

Practice good personal hygiene. Cook sea food well. Don't swim in potentially contaminated waters.
 
Thanks, Brent, I should have mentioned the bird vector also, since it is found all over the world in bird fecal material. We had a researcher who was doing DNA on various coliform species, to see what the source was (Bird, Dog, human etc). It turned out that a lot of our problem was from the ducks--not boaters! The same techniques could be used on the Vibrio's.
 
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