I have added backing plates to many things on my boat. That said, sometimes I don't think they are actually super necessary, when you think of the physics of certain items (windlass, for example, which doesn't really pull up), especially if you have epoxy annuli in place (I think that's the most important, on a cored boat, and have added them to just about every penetration on my boat).
That said, I have still added a number of backing plates (cleats, anchor roller). And I will put a small one on the windlass as well, "just because." In many cases I do think the function is very useful (cleats, for example, which take "snatching" loads in a bunch of directions). But also, there were places on my boat where the underside of the deck was not perfectly flat (say, where the 'midships cleats are, and there is lots of tabbing and etc. on the underside). In those places the washers were sort of cattywampus and putting uneven stresses on the fiberglass. Adding a fiberglass backing plate set in place in a bed of thickened epoxy allowed me to make them nice and flat, so the washers sit correctly and there is nothing trying to "dig in" to the under-deck at an angle. And of course they distribute loads as well. I like fiberglass-board backing plates as they are non-corroding, strong, and can easily be affixed to the underside of the deck with thickened epoxy (eliminating any hard spots that you could get with a rigid backing plate just pushed up against the deck).
I used mostly 1/4" fiberglass and thickened epoxy.
But I do think that even more important is the core protection -- both against moisture and crushing -- provided by epoxy annuli. That would always be my first step (often, but not always, concurrent with installing backing plates)