Butch":1x27xump said:
I got one major question answered regarding the application of osmosis to gelcoat and glass webbing. For osmosis to occur liquid must be on both sides of the semipermeable membrane (here gelcoat). I had no idea that gelcoat, resin, and glass ws that porus. That blew my mind... wow!
The other source of blistering is caused by a chemical reaction called hydroloysis, where water, a universal solvent, chemically reacts with a substrate (gelcoat).
The article gave quite a bit of good, practical advice, but minimized the effects of osmosis. My understanding of these blisters is that water
slowly diffuses into the laminate (or, if you like, through the gel coat), and if the cured resin is susceptible to this, breaks down (hydrolyzes) the ester bonds that join the resin monomeric units into a polymer. This transforms it from a stable, solid material (the polymer) to smaller molecules, which are water soluble, forming small inclusions of water solutions.
Because the concentration of water "outside" these enclosures is greater than "inside" them, further diffusion of water from outside the hull is enhanced (this is what is meant by "osmosis"). This leads to more hydrolysis, and more water in the enclosure, and it expands, forming a blister. At some point, the greater pressure inside the blister defeats further migration of water into the blister, and the process slows down to nearly a standstill.
Without osmosis, there would be no blisters. With hydrolysis, there will be osmosis. So, whether you shoose to concentrate on the osmosis or the hydrolysis is moot: If any hydrolysis occurs: you got blisters, which will grow with time.
The root cause is the makeup of the resin, so that if some hulls blister, and others do not, the place to look for a cause is the resin.